MSI Press Blog

  Achieving Native-Like Second Language Proficiency  (Speaking) by Betty Lou Leaver is a research-based catalogue of factors that would seem to predict ability to reach the highest level of foreign language proficiency and is based on common characteristics shared by more than 200 near-native speakers, identified by self-report, survey, and interviews by master testers. Following up on previous posts, one of the aspects of motivation considered was change in motivation over the rather long course of study/learning. A few interviewees did report a change in motivation over time, depending on place of learning (classroom, study abroad, on-the-job), and other variables. Typically, at earlier levels motivation may have been more intrinsic or achievement oriented; later it became more instrumental. One individual said that she “went from being an idealistic language learner to a realistic language user” (or from integrative to instrumental, in this particular case). Not enough inte...

  Achieving Native-Like Second Language Proficiency  (Speaking) by Betty Lou Leaver is a research-based catalogue of factors that would seem to predict ability to reach the highest level of foreign language proficiency and is based on common characteristics shared by more than 200 near-native speakers, identified by self-report, survey, and interviews by master testers. Following up on previous posts, one of the motivational frameworks considered was vicarious motivation. This complex type of mixed motivation was reported by a subset of individuals who were married to a native speaker of their foreign language. Of the roughly 40% of the group with foreign spouses, slightly more than 1/3 described what might be called “vicarious motivation.” The external driver was a relative, and, on the surface, the motivation to learn the language well for the spouse or children would seem to be an extrinsic motivation, perhaps not all that unlike motivation that comes from a teacher or ment...

  Achieving Native-Like Second Language Proficiency  (Speaking) by Betty Lou Leaver is a research-based catalogue of factors that would seem to predict ability to reach the highest level of foreign language proficiency and is based on common characteristics shared by more than 200 near-native speakers, identified by self-report, survey, and interviews by master testers. Following up on previous posts, one of the motivational frameworks considered was achievement motivation. Twenty-six percent of the interviewees mentioned several aspects of achievement motivation . Many of them said that performing well in language learning was important to them, or at least had been so in at early levels of proficiency when they were in beginning language classes. In a few cases, interviewees defined “doing well” as getting a good grade; more commonly, these being adult learners, they defined it as earning the respect and approbation of their peers in the same class. (Teacher approbation has ...

  Achieving Native-Like Second Language Proficiency  (Speaking) by Betty Lou Leaver is a research-based catalogue of factors that would seem to predict ability to reach the highest level of foreign language proficiency and is based on common characteristics shared by more than 200 near-native speakers, identified by self-report, survey, and interviews by master testers. Following up on previous posts, one of the motivational frameworks considered was instrumental vs integrative motivation. Had there been an a priori hypothesis for motivational issues in this study, the interviewers would have hypothesized that integrative motivation would dominate among highly successful learners. The results, however, were very much the opposite. In fact, a very decisive 82% identified their motivation as instrumental, whereas only 38% identified theirs as integrative. (As with the extrinsic-intrinsic model, some interviewees reported motivation from both categories.) Instrumental Motivation...

  Achieving Native-Like Second Language Proficiency  (Speaking) by Betty Lou Leaver is a research-based catalogue of factors that would seem to predict ability to reach the highest level of foreign language proficiency and is based on common characteristics shared by more than 200 near-native speakers, identified by self-report, survey, and interviews by master testers. Following up on last week's post, one of the motivational frameworks considered was extrinsic vs intrinsic motivation. succeeding in foreign language study. Many individuals were both extrinsically and intrinsically motivated; each form of motivation contributed in its own way to the individual’s willingness to continue learning through near-native levels of proficiency. Roughly 88% of the interviewees identified their motivation as something that could be classified extrinsic, including 82% that were clearly instrumentally motivated; 48% identified their motivation as intrinsic. Obviously, 30% of the interview...